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Title: Modern All About Monitor
Author: Manahar Lotia, Pradeep Nair
Number of pages: 180
Edition: 1995
Language: English

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 – Introduction to Monitor
a. Monitor Basics
   • Pixels • Resolution • Raster Graphics • Interlacing
   • Non-interlaced Display • Frame Rate • Video Bandwidth
   • Synchronizing Signals (Horizontal Scanning Frequency) &
     (Vertical Scanning Frequency)
b. Picture Tube
    • Monochrome CRTS • Magnetic Deflection • Resolution
    • Shadow Mask •Slot Mask (Aperature Grille) • Screen Curvature
    • Screen Size and Image Size • Aspect Ratio • Image Control
c. Display Basics
    • Character Mapping • Character Boxes (Character Attribute)
    • Block Graphics • Bit-Mapped Graphic (Graphic Attributes)
    • Video Page • Television as monitor • Video Controller
    • Graphic Co-Processors • True Resolution

Chapter 2 – Video Display Hardware
     • Text Mode and Graphic Mode
a. Adapters and Displays
     • Video Cards/Display Card • Card Basics
     • Display Standards and Compatibility 
     • Memory Required by Your Video Board?
b. Monochrome display adapter (MDA, 12/08/81)
c. Colour Graphics Adpater (CGA, 12/08/81)
d. Hercules Graphics Card (HGC, 1982)
e. Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA, 10/09/84)
f. Professional Graphics Adapter (PGA, 10/09/84)
g. Digital vs Analog
h. Video Graphics Array (VGA, 02/04/87)
i.  Super VGA
j.  VGA and TV (PAL)
k. 8514/A Display Adapter
l.  Extended Graphics Array (XGA, 30/10/90)
m.Monitor Types
	 • Digital and Analog Monitors
n. Dual Display Adapt
o. Monochrome
     • TTL Monochrome • Composite Monochrome •VGA Monochrome
     • Multiscanning Monochrome
p. Colour Monitors
     • Composite Colour  • RGB  • Enhanced RFB  • VGA Monitor
     • Multiscanning Colour Display
q. Paper-white Monitor
r. Sizing Problem
s.Special Purpose Monitor
    • Laptop Display (LCD Display, Gas-Plasma Display, Dual Monitor
      Systems)
    • A4 (Full page) /A3 Display
    • Video Speed
t. Video Speed
   • 8-bit vs 16-bit • Video Ram (VRAM) • Copying BIOS to RAM and 
     Shadow RAM • Intelligent Video Adapters  • Video Accelerators
   • Local Bus Video  • Faster Drivers
u. Monitor Affects Our Health
    • X-Radiation  • Ultraviolet Radiation • ELF Radiation
    • Effect on Eye (Anti-glare system)
v. Upgrading/Buying New Display System
   • Upgrading Display Adapter (How to remove PC’s Cover, 
      Installation  of a Video Adapter, How to Replace PC’s Cover)
    • Upgrading a Monitor
    • Buying a Monitor (Compatibility, CRT Quality. Flicker and Snow
      Pincushioning/Barrel Distortion)
w. Monitor Care
    • Monitor Cleaning • Preventing Phospohr Burn-in in Monitors

Chapter 3 – Monitor Servicing & Video Troubleshooting
a. Display Problem
b. CRT Controller – Motorola 6845
c. CRTC 6845 Pin Description
    •Processor • CRT Control • Display Memory and Character
     generator addressing • Other Pins
d. CRTC 6845 Internal Register
e. Monochrome Display Adapter
f. Composite Monochrome Monitor
   • Service Information ( Brightness, Vertical Adjustments, Horizontal 
     AdjustmentsDeflection yoke assembly adjustment, Focus adjustment)
g. Circuit Description
    • Video Amplifier Drive and Output
    • Sync Separation
    • Pedastal Clamp Circuit
    • Horizontal Processor Circuit
    • Vertical Processor Circuit
    • Horizontal Output/Transformer
    • Blanking Clip
h. Troubleshooting

Chapter 4 – Introduction to Computer
a. Computer System
    • Computer Hardware (Central Processing Unit(CPU), Peripheral Devices)
    • Computer Software
    • Computer Liveware (Humanware)
b. Working of a Computer System
c. Parts of a Computer System
    • System Unit (Main Case)
    • Outside Main Unit (indicators (LED), Power-on LED, Hard disk Activity
      LED, Turbo Mode LED, Switches, Power-on Switch, Reset Switch
      Turbo Switch, Key Lock)
d. Inside Main Unit
   • Power Supply
   • Motherboard (CPU or Microprocessor, Memory, RAM, ROM
       Cache Memory, Virtual Memory, Expansion Slots)
   • Storage Device (Floppy Disk, Hard Disk, Physical Information of 
       a Hard Disk
   • Input Devices ( Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner)
    • Output Devices (Monitor/Visual Display Unit (VDU), Printers)
e. Connecting Cables to Computer
    • The power cord • The keyboard cable • The printer cable
    • Monitor cable
f. Operating System
   • Operating System (OS) (Memory Management, CPU Management
      Disk Management, Input/Output (I/O) Management, User Interface)
g. Introduction to DOS
   • System Floppy and Files
   • Disk Organisation
h. Switching on Computer
i. Working with your Computer
j. DOS Commands
   • Internal Commands (Directory (DIR), Wildcard Characters)
   • External Commands (Format, Diskcopy)

Chapter 1 - Printers
a. Image Formation Method
b. Printing Mechanism
    • Impact Printers • Non-Impact Printer
c. Some Common Printers
    • Daisy – Wheel Printer • Chain Printer • Drum Printers • Dot-Matrix
    • Color Dot-Matrix Printer • Inkjet Printer • Color Inkjet • Laser Printers
    • Thermal Printers • LCS and LED printers

Chapter 2 - How Printer Work
a. Dot-Matrix Printer
b. Inkjet Printer
c. Thermal Printer
d. Color Thermal Printer
e. Paper Handling
    • Friction Feed • Automatic Sheet Feeder • Roll Feed
    • Pin-Feed and Tractor Feed • Paper Control       

Chapter 3. Working of a Laser Printer
a. Introduction 
b. Image Formation System
    • Photosensitive Drum • CLEANING of the OPC Drum
    • CONDITIONING of the OPC Drum 
    •  WRITING of image on the OPC Drum
    • DEVELOPING of the image on the OPC Drum         
    • TRANSFER of the image on the OPC Drum
    • FUSING of the image (OPC Drum to the paper) 
c. Paper Pickup / Feed system 
    • Paper Path         
d. Mechanical Drive 
e. Machine Control System 
f. Interface system 
g. Power Distribution  


Chapter 4 - PC-Printer Interface
a.  Plain ASCII Data
b.  Printer Control Code/Escape Code/Embedded Commands
     • Diablo/QUME Printer Control Codes
     • Epson/IBM Printer Command Code • Color Command 
     • Epson 24-pin Commands
     • Laserjet Printer Control Code • Graphic Bit Image Data
c.  Page Description Language (PDL)
     • Postscript • Postscript Level-2 • HP-PCL (Printer Control Language)
d.	Printer Sharing

Chapter 5 - Serial-Parallel Interface
a. Parallel Interfacing
    • Uni & Bi-Directional Parallel Port • History of Parallel Port
    • Parallel Connectors • Port Address • Register Function
    • Parallel Port Signal • Parallel Port Performance
b. Serial Interfacing
    • Synchronous Communication • Asynchronous Communication
    • Parity Bits • Serial Hardware ( 8250-16550A, Chipsets)
    • Upgrading 16450 to 16550 • Serial Interface Connectors 
    • Bits Rates • Serial Port Address • Serial Port Register Function 
    • Interrupts • Serial Port Signal • A Communication Session

Chapter 6 - Printer Consumables
a. Paper
b. Envelopes
c. Adhesivelables
d. Overhead Transparencies

Chapter 7 - Fronts/Typefaces
a. Typeface vs Front
    •Point Size •Stroke weight •Type Style
b. Parts of a Typeface
c. Types of Typeface
    • Serif • Sans Serif • Display
d. Different Typeface Formats
    • Bit-Mapped/Raster • Vector/Stroke Typefaces • Outline Typefaces
    • POSTSCRIPT/Type-1 Front • PCL • TrueType
e. Expert Character Set
f. Points for Better Typography
    • Typeface • Size/Leading • Hyphenation/Justification/Alignment
    • Word spacing • Letter spacing • Hyphenation • Tracking • Kerning      
g. Adding Typefaces
    • Front Cartridge • Downloadable Front
h. Window Character Set
     • ANSI Character Set • OEM (IBM) Character Set

Chapter 8 - Choosing/Upgrading/Performance Boosting
a. Reasons to Upgrade a Printer b. Buying a Printer
c. Upgrading the Printer 
    • Removing the old Printer • Connecting the new Printer
d. Performance Boosting
    • Hardware Print Spooler • Software Print Spooler 
    • MS Windows Print Manager
e. Adding Fonts under Windows 
   • Adding TrueType fonts • Adding Type-1 fronts
f. Adding Memory to Your Laserjet Printer
   • Installation instructions
g. Adding a Postscript Cartridge to your Laserjet Printer
   • Installation Instructions
h. Installation a color Inkjet Printer 
   • Installation Instructions

Chapter 9 - Troubleshooting
a. Preventive Maintenance
b. Troubleshooting
c. Troubleshooting Dot-Matrix Printers
    •Printer not printing properly/Printer does not  print at all 
    •Printer does not work; dead printer
    •After printing some characters, printer stops
    •Non-uniform printing density/Printing is faint
    •Printing is uneven or intermittent
    •A black/white horizontal line along each line/Missing dots during printing
    •READY light on the control panel flickers, nothing is printed
    •ON LINE light on the control panel flickers, nothing is printed
    •Alternate lines are printed backwards 
    •Texts is printed but output is mixed-up
    •Self-test pattern is not proper 
    •Printer does not print during self-test
    •Print styles changes during printing 
    •Printers does not change to the correct mode
    •Part of the text or complete text is printed in italics or as graphics
    •Some characters are not printed properly 
    •Horizontal tabs are not printed properly
    •Full page width is not printed •Printer prints wider than the paper width
    •Strange dot patterns appear in a graphic printout
    •Printer stops while printing graphics 
    •Text appear as random graphics characters
    •Difficulty in paper loading
    •Printer runs out of paper when printing a long document
    •Irregular or No paper feed •Label gets stuck on the roller
    •Printout contains blank lines or all lines appear in one line
    •“Printer not ready” or “No paper” message is displayed by the computer
    •“No print is connected” is displayed by the computer
    •Some program that use printer, when started stops the computer
    •Change in the DIP switch settings is ignored 
    • BASIC language CR, LF problem •Problems with screen dumps
    •Carriage does not move after power-on • No ribbon feed
    •End of paper is not sensed and  printing continues without paper
    •Control panel switches (FF, LF, ONLINE, etc) not working
    •White horizontal lines in the graphic printout • Vertically shaky image
d. Printer Interface problems
    • Loopback/Wrap Plug Tests
    • Diagnosing Serial Communication Problems
      (Port Conflict, Interrupts Conflict, Check Handshaking Signals, 
       Disappearing Character, Device Timeout Error)

Chapter 10 - Laser Printer Troubleshooting
a. System Test
    • System Self-Test • Engine Test • The Service Test • HP IIIP Service Mode
b. Printer Message
    • Printer Status Messages • Printer Attendance Messages
    • Printer Error and Service Message
 c. Image Defects
    • Blank Page • Black Page • Faint Print • Vertical White Lines
    • Vertical Black Lines • Faulty Registration • Horizontal Black Lines
    • Smeared Print • Repetitive Defects • Image Skew
    • Improperly Sized Image • Character Voids • Background
    • Ghosting • Back of Page Dirty • Paper Curl

Chapter 11 - Plotters
a. Plotter size
b. Types of Plotters
c. Single Pen & Multiple Pen Plotters
    • Advantage of Multiple Pen Plotter • Drawback of Multiple Pen Plotter
d, Flatbed and Drum Plotters
    • Flatbed/Drum/Electrostatic/Thermal/Laser/Pencil Plotters.
e. Plotter Control Language
f. Paper for the Plotter
g. Pen for the Plotter
h. Plotter Installation

Chapter 12 - Some DOS Commands
a.Graphics
b.Print
c.Mode
    • Configure Parallel Printer • Configure Serial Port • Mode (Redirect Printing)
    • Mode (Display Device Status)

Chapter 13 - Programmers Reference & BIOS Error Codes
    • Some Important BIOS Data Area • BIOS Interrupts • Interrupt 05h (Print Screen)
     • Interrupt 0Bh (Serial Port 2) • Interrupt 0Ch (Serial Port 1)
     • Interrupt 0Fh (Parallel Port) • Interrupt 14h (Serial Communication)
     • Interrupt 17h (Parallel Printer Interface) • Interrupt 21h (DOS Services)
     • Interrupt 02h (Multiple Interrupt)
a. BIOS Error Codes
     • IBM BIOS Error Beep Code (9xx-Parallel Printer Adapter Error Codes
       10xx-Alternate Parallel Printer Adapter Error Codes, 11xx-Serial (COM1:) 
       Communication Error Codes, 12xx-Serial (COM2:, COM3: and COM4:) 
       Communication Error Codes, 14xx-Parallel Adapter/Matrix Printer Error, 
       15xx-SDLC Communication Adapter Error, 20xx-BSC (Binary Synchronous 
       Communication) Adapter Error, 21xx-Alternate BSC Adapter Error, 
       29xx-Color Matrix Printer Error 33xx-Compact Printer Error,
       51xx-Portable Printer Error, 76xx-4216 Page Printer Adapter Error)

14.  Appendix - A
15.  Appendix - B
16.  Index

Title: Modern Monitor Circuits & Fault 
          Finding (Volume III)
        Author: Manahar Lotia 
        Number of pages: 16
        Edition: 1995
        Language: English

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Monitor

Chapter 2 - BPL ER-40
         Dual Display (CGA/HGA) Monochrome Monitor using IC 
         SN7407N, TDA1170N, 6 Transistors & IC L200C in Regulated 
         Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram and Fault Finding
         * PCB Layout and Fault Finding

Chapter 3 - HCL (TRL Type)
         Dual Display MDA(HGA)/CGA Monochrome Computer
         Monitor using IC SN7407, TDA1170N, MC1391P, 15 Transistors
         and Opto-Couple 4N35 in SMPS Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram
         * Complete Fault Finding

Chapter 4 - Microtek (M-TEK) VGA
         VGA Monochrome Computer Monitor using IC EMC2000 413,
         LM1201N, MC1391, TDA1170 AND IC UC3842N in SMPS 
         Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram and Fault Finding
         *PCB Layout and Fault Finding

Chapter 5 - Monochrome
         Monochrome Computer Monitor using IC SN7407, 
         TDA1170N, 6 Transistors and IC SGS88648 in Regulated 
         Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram and Fault Finding
         * PCB Layout and Fault Finding
       

Chapter 6 - Samsung VGA Colour
       VGA Colour Computer Monitor using IC KS74HCTLS86N, 
       TC4052BP/MC14052, TDA2593, TDA2653A, 3 x CA3046
       in Video Board and STR54041S in SMPS Power Supply.
       * Circuit Diagram
       *Complete Fault Finding       

Chapter 7 - TVM MD-7 VGA Colour
         VGA Colour Computer Monitor using IC TBP26542N/74S472N, 
         HA11235 and HA17624          
          in SMPS Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram
         * Complete Fault Finding

Chapter 8 - Vintron VGA
         VGA Monochrome Computer Monitor using IC HS74LS86P, 
         HA17555, MC1391, TDA1170N and SMPS Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram and Fault Finding
         * PCB Layout and Fault Finding

Chapter 9 - Wipro-NW
         Monochrome Computer Monitor using IC SN74136N, TDA1170N, 
        10 Transistors and IC IP338K8744 IN regulated Power Supply.
         * Circuit Diagram and Fault Finding
         * PCB Layout and Fault Finding
       

Title: Modern Monitor Circuits & 
          Fault Finding (Volume 1)
        Author: Manahar Lotia, 
        Number of pages: 16
        Edition: 1995
        Language: English

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to Monitor

2. Circuit Diagram of Microtek 14” Monochrome “VGA”          
         Monitor Model: A1418T using IC EMC 2000 413, 
         TDA1175, LM1201N, LM1391N, 11 Transistors and 
         Switched Mode Power Supply Using FET 2SK371 & IC 
         UC3842N

3. PCB Layout of Microtek 14” Monochrome “VGA” 
         Monitor Model: A1418T using IC EMC413, TDA1175,
         LM1201N, LM1391N, 11 Transistor and Switched Mode
         Power Supply Mode Using FET 2SK371 & IC UC3842N

4. Complete Fault Finding of Microtek 14” Monochrome 
         “VGA” Monitor Model: A1418T using IC EMC2000 413, 
         TDA1175, LM1201N, LM1391N, 11 Transistors And 
         Switched Mode Power Supply Using FET 2SK371 & 
         IC UC3842N

5. Complete Fault Finding of TRL Monitor using IC SN7407,
         TDA1170N, MC1391P, 15 Transistors and IC 4N35 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

6. PCB Layout of TRL Monitor using IC SN7407, TDA1170N, 
         MC1391P, 15 Transistor and IC 4N35 in Switched Mode 
         Power Supply

7. Circuit Diagram of TRL Monitor using IC SN7407, 
         TDA1170N, MC1391P, 15 Transistor and IC 4N35 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

8. Circuit Diagram of PCL Monitor using IC 74SL125A, 
         SN7407N, TDA1170S, 11 Transistor and IC 4N25 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

9. PCB Layout of PCL Monitor using IC 74SL125A, 
         SN7407N, TDA1170S, 11 Transistors and IC 4N25 in
         Switched Mode Power supply
       

10. Complete Fault Finding of PCL Monitor using 
       IC 74SL125A, SN7407N, TDA1170S, 11 Transistors and 
       IC 4N25 in switched Mode Power Supply       

11. Complete Fault Finding of TRL Monitor using
         IC SN7407, TDA1170, MC1391P,15 Transistor, and IC 
         4N35/25 in Switched Mode Power Supply

12. PCB Layout of TRL Monitor using IC SN7407,
         TDA1170, MC1391P, 15 Transistor and IC 4N35/25 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

13. Circuit Diagram of TRL Monitor using IC 
         SN7407, TDA1170, MC1391P, 15 Transistor  and IC 
         4N/35/25 in Switched Mode Power Supply

14. Circuit Diagram of Monitor using IC SN7407N,
         7486, TEA2037, 12 Transistors and IC 4N35 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

15. PCB Layout of Monitor using IC SN7407N, 
         7486, TEA2037, 12 Transistor and IC 4N35 in 
         Switched Mode Power Supply

16. Complete Fault Finding of Monitor using IC 
         SN7407N, 7486, TEA2037, 12 Transistors and IC 
         4N35 in Switched Mode Power Supply 

17. Circuit Diagram of Bansal 14” Monitor using IC 
         74SL125A, SN7407N, TDA1170S, 11 Transistors and
         IC 4N25 in switched Mode Power Supply

18. Complete Fault Finding of Bansal 14” Monitor 
         using IC 74SL125A, SN7407N, TDA1170S,  11 Transistor
         and IC 4N25 in Switched Mode Power Supply

Title: Modern Monitor Circuits & 
          Fault Finding (Volume II)
        Author: Manahar Lotia, 
        Number of pages: 22
        Edition: 1996
        Language: English
       
Table of Contents

1. Circuit Diagram & Fault Finding of ESSEN Flat 
     Screen Monitor Model: “SN-12MCG” using IC 
     TDA1170N, TDA1180P, 9 Transistors and 
     L78S15CV in Regulator Power Supply.

2. Circuit Diagram of MICROTEK 
      (DUAL) MDA(HGA) CGA Monitor using IC SN7407, 
      SN7406, TDA1170, 9 Transistors and Opto-Couple
      4N35/322A in Switched Mode Power Supply.

3. PCB Layout of MICROTEK 
      (DUAL) MDA (HGA) CGA Monitor using ICSN7407, 
      SN7406, TDA1170, 9 Transistors and Opto-Couple
      4N25/322A in Switched Mode Power Supply.

4. Complete Fault Finding of MICROTEK
     (DUAL) MDA  (HGA)/CGA Monitor using IC SN7407, 
     SN7406, TDA1170, 9 Transistors and Opto-Couple
     4N35/322A  in Switched Mode Power Supply.

5. Circuit Diagram & Fault Finding of HCL Monitor using 
     IC SN7407, SP8936/DM4LS86N, TDA1170N, LM1391N,
     11 Transistors and Opto-Couple 4N35 in Switched 
     Mode Power Supply.

6. PCB Layout & Fault Finding of HCL Monitor using IC 
      SN7407, SP8936/DM4LS86N, TDA1170N, LM1391N, 
      11 Transistors and Opto-Couple 4N35 in Switched 
      Mode Power Supply.

7. Circuit Diagram of TRL (DUAL) MDA (HGA)/CGA 
      Monitor using IC SN7407, TDA1170N, MC1391P, 15 
      Transistors and IC 4N35 in Switched Mode Power Supply.

8. PCB Layout of TRL (DUAL) MDA (HGA)/CGA
      Monitor using IC SN7407, TDA1170N, MC1391P, 
     15 Transistors and IC 4N35 in Switched Mode Power 
     Supply.

9. Complete Fault Finding of TRL (DUAL) MDA (HGA)/
      CGA Monitor using IC SN7407, TDA1170N, MC1391P,
      15 Transistors and IC 4N35 in Switched Mode Power 
      Supply.

10. Circuit Diagram of WIPRO Monitor Model: “DM-14” 
       using IC TDA1170N, TDA1180N, 6 Transistors and IC 
       TDA4600 in Switched Mode Power Supply Section.

11. Complete Fault Finding of WIPRO Monitor Model: 
       “DM-14” using IC TDA1170N, TDA1180P, 6,  Transistors and IC 
        TDA4600 in Switched Mode Power Supply Section.

12. Circuit Diagram & Fault Finding of WIPRO Monitor 
      Model: “MDM-14” using IC SN74136N, TDA1170N, 5 Transistors and 
      Voltage Regulator IC L78S12 in Regulated Power Supply Section.

13. Circuit Diagram & Fault Finding of WIPRO Monitor 
       Model: “WSM-14” (REV-D)” using IC SN7406N,  SN74LS123N, TDA1170N, 
       5 Transistors & Regulator IC L78S12 in Regulated Power Suply.

14. PCB Layout of WIPRO Monitor Model: “WSM-14 
      (REV-D)” using IC SN7406N, SN74LS123N, TDA1170N, 5 Transistors
       and Voltage Regulator IC L78S12 in Regulated Power Supply Section.

15. Circuit Diagram of ZENITH 14” Monitor using IC 
       74SL125A, SN7407N, TDA1170N, 12 Transistors and Opto-Couple 
       4N35 in Switched Mode Power Supply.

16. Complete Fault Finding of ZENITH 14” Monitor 
       using IC 74SL125A, SN7407N, TDA1170N, 12 Transistors and 
       Opto-Couple  4N35 in Switched Mode Power Supply.

17. Circuit Diagram of MONOCHROME 14” Computer 
       Monitor With Audio Facility using IC TEA2017, 11 Transistors 
       and Regulated Power Supply.

18. Complete Fault Finding of MONOCHROME 14” 
       Computer Monitor using With Audio Facility using  IC TEA2017, 11 
       Transistors and Regulated Power Supply.

19. Circuit Diagram of MONOCHROME Monitor 
       Model: “DM-120MR” (CM-122MR)” Chassis no.  MM-21R using IC 
       TDA1170, TDA1180, 14 Transistors & Reg. IC L78S12CV in Regulated 
       Power Supply.

20. Complete Fault Finding of MONOCHROME Monitor Model: 
      “DM-120MR (CM-122MR)” Chassis no. MM-21R using IC TDA1170S/N, 
       TDA1180P, 14 Transistors & IC L78S12CV in Regulated Power Supply.

21. Circuit Diagram of MONOCHROME Computer Monitor Model:
      “TM-1289” using IC SN7406N, TDA1170S/N, 8 Transistors and Regulated 
       Power Supply Section.

22. Complete Fault Finding of MONOCHROME Computer Monitor Model:
      “TM-1289”  using IC SN7406N, TDA1170S/N, 8 Transistors and Regulated 
       Power Supply Section. 

Title: Modern Colour Vga Monitor Servicing Manual
        Author: Manahar Lotia
        Number of pages: 37
        Language: English

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - Important Service Safety Precautions
  • Warning (Servicing the High Voltage System and Picture Tube
    X-Radiation & High Voltage Limits)

Chapter 2 - Description of Vga Colour Monitor
 • General
  • Power Circuit
  • Mode Detecting Circuit
  • Vertical Deflection Circuit
  • Horizontal Drive Circuit
  • Horizontal Output Circuit
  •  Video Circuit
  • Signal Cable Input Connection

Chapter 3 - Block Diagram

Chapter 4 - Alignment Instructions
  • B+ Adjustment, Horizontal Frequency Adjustment, 
    Horizontal Phase Adjustment,Vertical Frequency 
    Adjustment, Horizontal Centering Adjustment, Vertical
    Centering Adjustment, Side Pincushion Adjustment,
    Horizontal Linearity Adjustment, Vertical Linearity 
    Adjustment, Width Adjustment, Vertical Size 
    Adjustment, Focus Adjustment, Screen Adjustment,
    Static (Centre) Convergence, Dynamic Convergence, 
    White Balance Adjustment, CRT Tilt Adjustment.

Chapter 5 - Troubleshooting Guide

Chapter 6 - Computer Display System
  • MONITOR, Picture Tube, Electron Gun, Horizontal/Vertical Deflection, 
    Persistence, Scanning, Raster Scanning, Interlacing/Non-interlacing, 
    Image generation, Monitor Interfacing, Monitor Types

Chapter 7 - Working of a VGA Color Display
  • Computer to Display Card, Display Card of Monitor       

Chapter 8 - Technical Information
   • Analog, Aspect Ratio, Autosizing, Bandwidth, BitBLT (Bit-Block Transfer), 
     Blanking, Composite, Convergence, Colors, Digital Dot Pitch, Drift, Frame 
     Buffer, Graphics Co-processor, Horizontal Scanning Frequency, Interlacing,
     Multiscanning, Noninterlaced Display, Phosphors, Presistence, Pixels 
     Raster and Vector Graphics, Resolution, Retrace, Roping, Scan Rate, Size, 
     Slot Mask, Synchronizing Signals, Triad, TTL, Vertical interval, Vertical 
     Scanning Frequency, Video Adapter, Video Bandwidth, Autoswitching 
     Video Board.

Chapter 9 - Some Information About Indian Monochrome 
                   Vga Monitors
    • TVSE TM-301, IOTA T-1448, Shivom Enterprise 1428 MVGA, Vintron          
       VIN-MV-1, Mtek

Title: Modern Voltage Stabilizer Servicing
       (Introduction, Basic Principle & Repairing)
       Author: Manahar Lotia
       Number of pages: 129
       Edition: 2000
       Language: English

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - Voltage Stabilizer-Introduction
a. Manual Voltage Stabilizer
b. Auto-cut Voltage Stabilizer
c. Automatic Voltage Stabilizer
d. Switches
e. Meters
f. Indicators
g. Semiconductor Devices
    • Diodes • Zener Diodes • Transistors •Thryistors • Integrated Circuits

Chapter 2 - Relay
a. Relay Construction of Relay
b. Relays in Circuit
c. Single, Double & Triple Pole Relays
d. Relay Classification 
e. Relay Operating Speed
    • Hold Current • Operate Current • Non-operate Current
    • Release Current • Service Life

Chapter 3 - Transformer
a. Things That Effect Inductance
b. Transformer
c. Types of Transformer 
   • Output Voltage (Step-up Transformer, Step-down Transformr)
   • Core Type (Permeability, Electrical Resistivity, Laminated Iron Core, 
     Ferrite Core, Air Core)
   • Usage (Voltage Potential Transformer, Power Transformer,
     Current or Series Transformer, Impedance or Coupling Transformer,
     Isolation Transformer, Auto Transformer)
   • Different Types of Windings (Layer Winding, Random Winding, Bifilar Winding)
   • Transformer Ratings (Watts/Volt-Ampere)
   • Applying DC to Transformer
   • Advantages of Transformer
   • Parts of a Transformer (Coil, Former/Bobbin, Core)

Chapter 4 - Basic Modules of a Stabilizer
a. Regulated DC Power Supply
   • Step-Down Transformer
   • Rectifier Circuit
   • Filter Circuit
   • Regulator Circuit
b. Step-Down Transformer
c. Rectifier Circuit
   • Half Wave Rectifier
   • Full Wave Rectifier
   • Full Wave Bridge Rectifier
d. Filter Circuit
   • Capacitor filter
   • Inductive Filter (Choke/Coil)
   • Combination Filters (LC Filter, Pi Filter)
e. Regulator
   • Zener Regulator
   • Shunt Regulator
   • Series Regulator
f. Voltage Level Sensors
g. Voltage Comparators
   • Comparator using a Transistor and a Zener Diode
   • Comparator using Wheatstone Bridge
   • A Practical Comparator Circuit
  • Comparator using Op-Amp
   • Op-Amp as an Inverter Comparator
   • CMOS Comparator
h.   Relay Drivers
   • Relay Driver using Single Transistor
   • Relay Driver using Two Transistor (Darlington Pair)
   • Relay Driver using Combination of PNP and NPN Transistor
   • Relay Driver with Inverter Transistor
i. Relay Chatter Preventer and Hysteresis
j. Schmitt Trigger
   • Complementary Schmitt Trigger
   • Schmitt Trigger from an Op-Amp

Chapter 5 - Cutouts and Protective Devices
a. Over Voltage Cutout
b. Cutout Adjustment
c. Fail Safe Overvoltage Cutout
d. Fail Safe Undervoltage Cutout
e. Over/Under Voltage Cutout using Transistors
f. Over/Under Voltage Cutouts using OR Gates
g. Fail Safe Over/Under Voltage Cutouts using NOR Gates
h. Over Voltage/Under Voltage Cutouts using IC CD4011
i. Cutouts using IC 747
j. Cutouts using Op-Amps
k. Fuse
    • Fast Acting Fuse
    • Slow Blow Fuse
l. Circuit Breakers
m. Delayed Operation
    • Power Supply for Delayed Operation (Under/Over Voltage 
      Cutouts with TimeDelay using Op-Amps)
    • Time Delay Indicator

Chapter 6 - Manual Voltage Stabilizer
a. A Simple Manual Voltage Stabilizer
b. Manual Up-Down Voltage Stabilizer
   • Step-Up Mode • Step-Down Mode
c. Auto-Cut Voltage Stabilizer
d. Autocut Stabilizer using DPDT Switch
e. Autocut Stabilizer using Two Relay 
f.Converting Manual Stabilizer to Automatic Stabilizer 

Chapter 7 - Automatic Voltage Stabilizer
a. Automatic Voltage Stabilizer abilizer using Single Relay
b. Automatic Stabilizer using Separate Sensor & Relay Driver Winding
c. Buck Boost Connections
d. Buck Boost Operations
e. Automatic Stabilizer using Two Relays
f. Automatic Voltage Stabilizers using Two Pole Relays
g. Automatic Stabilizer TIVICO TA-250
h. Automatic Stabilizer with Under/Over Voltage Cutouts using Two Relay 
i. Philips Two Relay Stabilizer 835/VS
j. Setting the Stabilizer
k.Philips Two Relay Stabilizer 835/VSP
l. 0.5KVA Autocut, Automatic Voltage 
  Stabilizer
m. 0.25KVA Automatic Voltage Stabilizer
n. Electronic AC Voltage Regulators
    • Solid State Dimmers • Automatic Regulators
    • Amplifier Type Automatic Voltage Regulator
o. Automatic Stabilizer using IC-747 
     • Adjustment
p. Automatic Voltage Stabilizer using Three Relay (GEM)

Chapter 8 - Servo Stabilizer
a. Variacs or Dimmerstat
b. Servo Motors
c. Working Principle
d. Servo Controlled Systems
    • Variac and Buck boost transformer
    • Sensor Circuit
    • The Amplifier Circuit
    • Servo Motor
e. Servo Controlled Stabilizers
f. Usiervo Controlled Stabilizer with Over/Under Voltage Cutout
    • Protective Circuit
        
Chapter 9 - Important Points Regarding Servo Stabilizer
a. Aligning Automatic Stabilizer
   • Aligning control circuit of Automatic Voltage Stabilizer having two Relays
   • Aligning control circuit of automatic voltage stabilizer having three relays
b. Capacity if a Stabilizer
c. Use if Diode/Capacitor with Relay Coil
d. Relay Chatter & Hysteresis
e. Relay Driver without hysteresis
f. Snap Action
g. Use of MCB with Stabilizer
h. Spike Protection
i. Earth Connection
j. Use of Relay in a Stabilizer
   • Deciding the relay voltage
   • Relay Repair
   • Reed Relay
k. Insulating varnish on transformer winding Variac
   • Setting a Auto-cut stabilizer at auto cut position using a variac
l. Main Faults of a Automatic Voltage Stabilizer
m.Some important points about Transformer
    • Transformer winding using winding machine
    • Units associated with the transformer
    • Advantage of a transformer • Transformer Loss
     (Eddy Current Loss, Hysteresis Loss, Copper Loss)
    • Transformer without load
    • DC supply with transformer
    • Coil/Winding used in the transformer
    • Identifying Auto Transformer Ends
n. Transformer Efficiency
o. Repairing a Burned/Defective Transformer
p. Tools required for transformer making
    • Screw-Driver • Plier • Hammer • Wrench(Both End Open Wrench,
      Socket Wrench) • Wire Gauge
q. Important points to remember when making transformer
r. How to varnish the transformer
    •  Ideal Method • Common method of varnish application
s. Transformer Designing
    • TPV (Turns Per Voltage) • Turns Per Square Inch • Bmax
    • Core Area (A) • Frequency (F)
t. Constants
u. Transformer Design
v. Calculation
    • Finding Secondary Wattage • Calculating Core Area
    • Calculating Primary Wattage • Calculating Primary Current
    • Calculating TPV value • Calculating total wire turns in primary
    • Calculating total wire turns in Secondary 
    • Finding Wire gauge (SWG) value (Example, Calculating Secondary 
      wattage, Calculating Core Area, Calculating Primary Wattage)
    • Calculating Primary current
    • Calculating TPV (Turns Per Volt)
    • Finding total turns in primary winding
    • Finding total turns secondary winding
w. SWG (Standard Wire Gauge)
    • Current Carrying Capacity (in ampere) for Rubber/PVC insulated wire
    • Using alternate wire when required wire gauge is not available
    • Tinned Copper Fuse Wires
    • E-I Lamination Size (Based on the commonly available core in the
       market)
x. Information about Transformer Winding using CRGO Core
y. SOME MORE IMPORTANT DATA

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